Twb xa mus rau collections lawm. Kuv puas tseem thov tau?
Tau. Lub tsev kho mob hauv California teem tsis tau hnub kawg rau kev thov kev pab nqi tsev kho mob los yog kev txo nqi, thiab tsis pub tsis pom zoo koj daim ntawv thov vim yog lub sij hawm koj thov (Health & Safety Code §127405(e)(3)). Txoj cai ntawd pib siv rau hnub tim 1 lub Ib Hlis xyoo 2025, thiab nws tsis hais tias tsuas yog siv rau cov nqi tshiab xwb.
Lub chaw sau nuj nqis tsis hloov tau qhov no. Txhua lub chaw uas sau nuj nqis rau ib lub tsev kho mob yuav tsum pom zoo ua ntawv sau tias yuav ua raws li tsev kho mob tus kheej cov cai, suav nrog tias nws sau tau npaum li cas ntawm ib tus neeg uas tsim nyog (§127425(c)). Cov ntaub ntawv uas koj muab los thov, xws li daim ntawv them nyiaj hli (pay stub), siv tsis tau los sau nuj nqis ntawm koj (§127405(e)(2)).
Yog tias tsev kho mob muag cov nuj nqis lawm, daim ntawv cog lus muag yuav tsum pub kom tus account rov qab mus rau tsev kho mob yog tias koj tsim nyog tau kev pab nqi tsev kho mob los yog kev pab nyiaj txiag (§127425(a)(2)). Txoj cai ntawd siv rau cov kev muag txij hnub tim 1 lub Ib Hlis xyoo 2022 los. Rau cov nuj nqis uas muag ua ntej ntawd, cov cai txawv, tiam sis tseem tsim nyog nug.
Koj thov rau lub tsev kho mob, tsis yog rau lub chaw sau nuj nqis. Peb npaj tau daim ntawv thov ntawd thiab xa mus rau tsev kho mob rau koj.
Qhov no puas yuav ua rau kuv lub credit poob? Lawv puas qhia (report) tau?
Txij hnub tim 1 lub Ib Hlis xyoo 2025, txoj cai lij choj California hais tias tsis pub leej twg qhia nuj nqis kho mob mus rau lub chaw sau credit report (credit bureau) (Civil Code §1785.27(a)). Qhov no suav nrog tsev kho mob, kws kho mob, lub chaw sau nuj nqis thiab cov neeg yuav nuj nqis. Cov credit bureau tsis pub muab nuj nqis kho mob tso rau hauv credit report (§1785.13(a)(7)), thiab cov neeg qiv nyiaj tsis pub muab nuj nqis kho mob los xam tawm tsam koj thaum lawv txiav txim seb puas qiv nyiaj rau koj (§1785.20.6).
Txoj cai no yog hais txog kev qhia (report), tsis yog hais txog lub sij hawm koj tau kev kho mob, yog li nws siv rau cov nqi qub thiab. Nuj nqis kho mob yuav tsum tsis txhob tshwm rau hauv ib daim credit report uas ua hnub no, txawm nws qub npaum li cas los xij. Yog tias leej twg paub tab sis tseem qhia nws, txoj cai lij choj ua rau cov nuj nqis ntawd tsis muaj nqis thiab yuam tsis tau kom them (§1785.27(b)).
Ib yam uas koj yuav tsum paub: cov chaw saib xyuas ntawm tsoom fwv teb chaws tau hais tias txoj cai lij choj ntawm tsoom fwv teb chaws loj dua lub xeev cov cai zoo li no, thiab tsev hais plaub tseem tsis tau txiav txim qhov teeb meem no. Thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis xyoo 2025, California tus Attorney General (tus kws lij choj loj ntawm lub xeev) tau hais tias hauv California nws tseem txhaum cai rau nuj nqis kho mob tshwm rau hauv credit report.
Yog tias koj pom ib daim nqi kho mob nyob hauv koj daim credit report, tus Attorney General qhia kom koj qhia rau tus muab kev kho mob, lub chaw sau nuj nqis thiab lub credit bureau, thiab koj xa tau ib daim ntawv tsis txaus siab (complaint) ntawm oag.ca.gov/report. Koj tau koj cov credit report dawb ntawm annualcreditreport.com.
Kuv twb them ib co lawm. Kuv puas tau nyiaj rov qab?
Tej zaum tau. Yog tias koj tsim nyog, lub tsev kho mob yuav tsum xa rov qab txhua yam uas koj them ntau dua qhov koj tshuav raws li nws txoj cai pab nqi tsev kho mob los yog txoj cai txo nqi, ntxiv paj, hauv 30 hnub (Health & Safety Code §127440(a)). Yog tias koj tsim nyog tau kev kho mob pub dawb, tej zaum qhov ntawd txhais tau tias tag nrho cov nyiaj koj twb them. Cov nyiaj tsawg dua $5 yog qhov tsis suav.
Muaj ob qho uas txoj cai lij choj cia lub tsev kho mob xaiv seb puas xa nyiaj rov qab, es tsis yog yuam kom xa: thaum twb muaj tsib xyoos los yog ntau dua txij li koj them zaum kawg rau tsev kho mob, lub chaw sau nuj nqis los yog tus yuav nuj nqis, los yog thaum cov nuj nqis raug muag rau ib tus yuav nuj nqis ua ntej hnub tim 1 lub Ib Hlis xyoo 2022 (§127440(b)).
Yog li, yog tias koj them zaum kawg tsis tau txog tsib xyoos, tsev kho mob yuav tsum xa nyiaj rov qab yog koj tsim nyog. Txawm yog li cas los xij, tseem tsim nyog nug.
Qub npaum li cas thiaj yog qub dhau lawm?
Txoj cai lij choj tsis teem ciam. Lub tsev kho mob teem tsis tau lub sij hawm kawg rau kev thov, los yog tsis pom zoo koj vim yog lub sij hawm koj thov (Health & Safety Code §127405(e)(3)). Ib yam nkaus rau daim nqi los ntawm tus kws kho mob hauv chav kho mob xwm txheej ceev (§127452(d)(3)).
Tab sis daim nqi lub hnub nyoog tseem tseem ceeb rau ob peb yam. Lub tsev kho mob tsuas yuav tsum khaws nws cov ntaub ntawv txog cov nyiaj uas neeg tshuav nws tsib xyoos xwb (§127425(j)), yog li daim nqi qub heev yuav nrhiav nyuaj dua. Thaum twb dhau tsib xyoos txij li koj them zaum kawg, kev xa cov nyiaj koj them rov qab yog nyob ntawm tsev kho mob txiav txim (§127440(b)). Thiab lub tsev kho mob tsis pub tsis muab kev pab uas nws txoj cai tshaj tawm tau muab thaum koj tau daim nqi thawj zaug (§127435(c)).
Yog tias koj tsis paub meej tias daim nqi qub npaum li cas, pib ntawm yam koj muaj. Tsab ntawv los ntawm lub chaw sau nuj nqis feem ntau muaj lub npe tsev kho mob thiab cov hnub uas koj tau kev kho mob.
Kuv tau ntawv los ntawm tsev hais plaub, los yog kuv raug foob. Kuv yuav tsum ua li cas?
Ua tam sim no. Cov ntawv tsev hais plaub muaj hnub kawg rau koj teb, thiab yog koj teb tsis txog, tsev hais plaub txiav txim tau tawm tsam koj yam tsis mloog koj sab lus. Rau feem ntau cov kev foob hauv California, hnub kawg yog 30 hnub tom qab muab cov ntawv rau koj txais (Code of Civil Procedure §412.20(a)(3)). Nyeem cov ntawv kom paub hnub tseeb.
Hnub no, tiv tauj ib lub koom haum pab txog kev cai lij choj (legal aid) los yog ib tus kws lij choj. LawHelpCA.org muaj npe kev pab txog kev cai lij choj pub dawb raws txhua county. Peb tsis yog kws lij choj, thiab peb teb tsis tau rau kev foob los yog mus tsev hais plaub hloov koj.
Kev thov kev pab nyiaj txiag tseem tsim nyog ua, tab sis nws hloov tsis tau kev teb rau tsev hais plaub. Yog tias koj tsim nyog tau kev pab nqi tsev kho mob los yog kev txo nqi, txoj cai lij choj txwv txoj kev sau cov nuj nqis: tsis pub muab koj lub tsev los yog lwm yam khoom ua qhov lav nuj nqis (lien) thiab tsis pub yuam muag, thiab lub chaw sau nuj nqis sab nraud tsuas txiav tau koj cov nyiaj hli (wage garnishment) yog muaj tsev hais plaub txib, tom qab muaj kev sib hais (hearing) seb koj puas them taus (Health & Safety Code §127425(h)).
Qhia peb tam sim ntawd thiab, thiab khaws cov ntawv theej ntawm txhua yam. Peb Cov Cai Siv Kev Pab piav qhia tias peb ua tau thiab ua tsis tau dab tsi thaum koj daim ntawv thov tseem qhib.
Qhov no puas pab daim nqi kws kho mob hauv ER thiab?
Feem ntau pab, tab sis tsis yog txhua zaus. Muaj ib txoj cai lij choj California cais uas hais txog cov kws kho mob hauv chav kho mob xwm txheej ceev (Health & Safety Code §§127450–127462). Nws siv rau cov kws kho mob uas tsev kho mob ntiav los yog cog lus kom muab kev kho mob xwm txheej ceev hauv nws chav kho mob xwm txheej ceev. Lawv yuav tsum txo nqi rau cov neeg mob uas khwv tau nyiaj sib npaug los yog tsawg dua 400% ntawm qib txom nyem uas tsoom fwv teb chaws teem (§127452). Nws yuam kom txo nqi, tsis yog kho mob pub dawb.
Nws tsis siv rau tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb (specialist) uas raug hu tuaj rau hauv ER, los yog tus kws kho mob uas ua haujlwm hauv tsev kho mob tab sis tsis yog hauv chav kho mob xwm txheej ceev (§127450(c)). Tus kws phais uas raug hu tuaj phais, los yog tus kws saib duab (radiologist) uas nyeem koj daim duab scan, tej zaum yuav tsis suav. Cov nqi los ntawm cov kws kho mob ntawd, thiab los ntawm kev rov qab mus ntsib kws kho mob (follow-up), tsis raug ob txoj cai lij choj no pab, tab sis qee tus muaj lawv tus kheej txoj kev pab thiab koj tseem nug tau.
Rau cov kws kho mob uas nws pab, cov cai txog sij hawm zoo ib yam li tsev kho mob: tsis muaj hnub kawg rau kev thov (§127452(d)(3)), thiab yuav tsum xa nyiaj rov qab ntxiv paj yog koj them ntau dua qhov koj tshuav (§127458).
Lub tsev kho mob tus kheej daim nqi, rau chav pw, kev kuaj thiab kev saib xyuas ntawm cov kws saib mob (nurse), raug txoj cai lij choj txog kev teem nqi ncaj ncees ntawm tsev kho mob (Hospital Fair Pricing Act) pab. Thaum koj saib seb koj puas tsim nyog, qhia peb seb koj muaj daim nqi twg.